Month: November 2020

With the rapid development and complex challenges of chemical substances, new drug synthesis pathways are usually the most effective.4730-54-5,1,4,7-Triazacyclononane,as a common compound, the synthetic route is as follows.

(Example 7) Triazacyclononane (1.0 g, 7.74 mmol), triethylamine (5.1 g, 50 mmol) and anhydrous methylene chloride (100 mL) were added to a 200 mL three neck flask provided with a dripping funnel in an argon atmosphere. n-octanoic acid chloride (4.2 g, 25.8 mmol) was added to this mixture by the dripping funnel at room temperature, and the reaction mixture was stirred for two days at room temperature. This reaction mixture was washed with water (25 mL x 4), and next, the organic layer obtained was dried using anhydrous magnesium sulfate. After concentration, there was formation using silica gel column chromatography, and 1,4,7-tri(n-heptylcarbonyl)-1,4,7-triazacyclononane (3.14 g, 80% yield) was obtained. All of the 1,4,7-tri(n-heptylcarbonyl)-1,4,7-triazacyclononane was put into a 200 mL three neck flask provided with a reflux tube in an argon atmosphere, and a BH3¡¤THF solution (100 mmol, 100 mL) was added thereto and reflowed for one night. To break down the excess BH3¡¤THF, methanol was added slowly to the reaction mixture after allowing it to cool to room temperature, and after concentration, this was dissolved in 1-butanol (50 mL), water (50 mL) and concentrated hydrochloric acid (100 mL and reflowed for one night. The reaction mixture obtained was cooled in an ice bath, and a 48% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was added until the pH exceeded 12. After amine separation, this aqueous solution was extracted in methylene chloride (8 x 50 mL). After the organic layer that was obtained was dried using anhydrous sodium sulfate, it was concentrated, and pale yellow, oily 1,4,7-tri-n-octyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane (2.45 g, 85% yield) was obtained.

4730-54-5, 4730-54-5 1,4,7-Triazacyclononane 188318, acatalyst-ligand compound, is more and more widely used in various fields.

Reference£º
Patent; DIC Corporation; EP2269995; (2011); A1;,
Metal catalyst and ligand design
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

With the rapid development and complex challenges of chemical substances, new drug synthesis pathways are usually the most effective.1866-16-6,S-Butyrylthiocholine iodide,as a common compound, the synthetic route is as follows.

General procedure: The method was adapted for measurement of very low cholinesterase activity in samples, high throughput screening and serial assays. Thus, measurements on enzyme samples of 10 mul were performed either in a Peltier thermostated spectrofluorimeter F-7100 (Hitachi Ltd.,Japan) using standard spectrofluorimetic cuvettes of 1 cm-path length in a total volume of 1.5 ml, or in a titration microplate reader (TecanInfinite F Plex) using a total volume of 200 mul per well (96-well titration plate, 7.5mm well ?). Stock solutions of substrates were 100mM ATC or BTC prepared inwater. These solutions were stored at -20 C. Because of thioester unstability, only freshly thawed solutions were used. Final substrate concentrations ranged between 2 and 1000 muM. Stock solution of Probe IV was 1mM made in DMSO and stored at -20 C. The solution is light sensitive. The final concentration of Probe IV in current assays was 10 muM. During the time-course of assays for determination of ChE activity, the fluorescence stops increasing when 1% of substrate is consumed, i.e. 10 muM thiocholine released. Thus, under steady-state conditions, [S] is almost constant and remains much larger than the enzyme concentration, i.e. >0.798mM for [S0]=800 muM. Then, the initial rate is linear until consumption of all probe. The final DMSO concentration in assay was 1% v/v. Though DMSO is known as a reversible ChE inhibitor (e.g. for human AChE,IC50=2.6% v/v in the presence of 1mM ATC), the inhibitory effect of 1% DMSO was considered as weak. The current volume of pure enzymes per assay was 15 mul in spectrofluorimetric cuvette and 10 mul per plate reader well. However, assays were also performed with sample volumes ranging from 5 to 30 mul. The final concentration in active sites per assay was as low as 10-12 M. For most kinetic studies, the active site concentration was 1.3¡Á10-10 M for BChE, 2.5¡Á10-11M for AChE, 3¡Á10-9M for BChE mutant E197Q and 1.5¡Á10-9M for mutant E197G. Measurements of activity were performed at the optimum pH of both enzymes and 25 C, the standard temperature for kinetic and thermodynamic studies. The rate of hydrolysis of ATC or BTC wasmonitored in 0.1M sodium phosphate buffer pH 8 for AChE and pH 7 for wild-type and mutants of BChE at 25 C for 3 min in spectrofluorimeter and for 2 min in microplate reader by the fluorescence emission of Probe IV-thiocholine conjugate (Scheme 2) (DeltaIF/dt) withlambdaex=400 nm and lambdaem =465 nm. On Hitachi spectrofluorimeter, lambdaex slit was 5.0 nm and lambdaem slit 10.0 nm. The Tecan titration plate readerwas equipped with light filters with bandwith of lambdaex ¡À 35 nm andlambdaem ¡À 35 nm. The fluorescence background of Probe IV was substracted. In addition, owing to the spontaneous hydrolysis of ATC and BTC, the fluorescence background due to spontaneous substrate hydrolysis was substracted for each concentration. Assays of human plasma BChE in a total volume of 2 ml were performed using 0.8mM BTC in 0.1M sodium phosphate buffer at 25 C. 1to 100 mul of plasma samples were taken for measurements using the classical Ellman’s method. For determination of BChE activity using the Probe IV method, plasma was diluted 100 or 1000 times in 0.1M phosphate buffer pH 7.0, and 1-100 mul samples of diluted plasma wereassayed in spectrofluorimeter. For both methods, reaction rates were recorded for 2 min., 1866-16-6

As the paragraph descriping shows that 1866-16-6 is playing an increasingly important role.

Reference£º
Article; Mukhametgalieva, Aliya R.; Zueva, Irina V.; Aglyamova, Aliya R.; Lushchekina, Sofya V.; Masson, Patrick; Biochimica et Biophysica Acta – Proteins and Proteomics; vol. 1868; 1; (2020);,
Metal catalyst and ligand design
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

56-54-2, (S)-(6-methoxyquinolin-4-yl)((1S,2R,4S,5R)-5-vinylquinuclidin-2-yl)methanol is a catalyst-ligand compound, ?involved in a variety of chemical synthesis. Rlated chemical reaction is continuously updated,56-54-2

Phenylacetic acid (40 mg, 0.294 mmol)and quinidine (95.4 mg, 0.294 mmol) were dissolved in acetone.Crystals were obtained after 3 days. Similar crystals were obtained using ethyl methyl ketone, tetrahydrofuran, isopropanol, ethanol and methanol as solvents.

The synthetic route of 56-54-2 has been constantly updated, and we look forward to future research findings.

Reference£º
Article; Amombo Noa, Francoise M.; Jacobs, Ayesha; Journal of Molecular Structure; vol. 1114; (2016); p. 30 – 37;,
Metal catalyst and ligand design
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

With the rapid development and complex challenges of chemical substances, new drug synthesis pathways are usually the most effective.294-90-6,1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane,as a common compound, the synthetic route is as follows.

To a solution of cyclen (S4, 1.73 g, 10.0 mmol) and triethylamine (4.20 mL, 30.1 mmol)in CHCI3 (120 mL, freshly passed through A1203 (activated, neutral, Brockmann I)) at 0C was added dropwise a solution of di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (6.55 g, 30.0 mmol) inCHCl (100 mL, freshly passed through A1203 (activated, neutral, Brockmann I)) under N2. After the addition was complete, the resulting solution was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel, EtOAc:hexane = 3:2 ramping to EtOAc) to give S6 as a white foam (3.41 g, 72%).RF (EtOAc:hexane = 4:1) 0.63. IR vmax/cm1 3313, 2974, 2931, 2818, 1679, 1463, 1412,365, 1313, 1247, 1156, 1 046, 771, 736. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) 5 1.45 (5, 1 8H, 2 x C(CH3)3), 1.47 (5, 9H, C(CH3)3), 2.78-2.92 (m, 4H, CH2NHCH2), 3.16-3.34 (m, 6H),3.34-3.50 (m, 2H), 3.55-3.75 (m, 4H) (total 12H, 3 x CH2N(Boc)CH2) (one secondary amine proton signal (NH) not observed). ?3C NMR (100 MHz, CDCI3) 5 28.1, 28.2, 28.3,28.4, 28.5, 44.7, 45.7, 48.8, 49.2, 50.3, 50.8, 78.9, 79.1, 155.1, 155.4 (eight carbon signals overlapping or obscured). MS (ESI) m/z 472.9 ([M+H], 27%), 495.0 ([M+Na], 99%), 967.1 ([2M+Na], 100%). The spectroscopic data were in agreement with those in the literature.3739, 294-90-6

294-90-6 1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane 64963, acatalyst-ligand compound, is more and more widely used in various fields.

Reference£º
Patent; THE UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY; RUTLEDGE, Peter; TODD, Matthew; TRICCAS, James Anthony; WO2014/153624; (2014); A1;,
Metal catalyst and ligand design
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

With the rapid development and complex challenges of chemical substances, new drug synthesis pathways are usually the most effective.917-23-7,5,10,15,20-Tetraphenylporphyrin,as a common compound, the synthetic route is as follows.

General procedure: In a 250mL distillation flask, 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (H2TPP) (0.50g, 0.81mmol) and NaOAc (0.30g, 3.6mmol) was stirred in 75mL of chlorobenzene and 50mL of DMF. After the addition of two equivalents of metal acetate, a Soxhlet extractor with a cellulose filter thimble filled with ?3g of K2CO3 was attached to the distillation flask. The assembly was completed with a condenser on the top of the extractor; and then the mixture was heated to reflux at 150C overnight. The reaction extent was monitored by TLC or UV-Vis until all the H2TPP was consumed. After the reaction was compete, the solvent was removed under vacuum. The remaining solid was dissolved in 150mL of chloroform, and washed with water (50mL¡Á3). The organic layer was further washed with a saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (50mL¡Á3), and then dried over K2SO4. After removal of the solvent in vacuo, the solid was recrystallized from chloroform/heptane.

917-23-7, 917-23-7 5,10,15,20-Tetraphenylporphyrin 86280046, acatalyst-ligand compound, is more and more widely used in various fields.

Reference£º
Article; Yao, Shu A.; Hansen, Christopher B.; Berry, John F.; Polyhedron; vol. 58; (2013); p. 2 – 6;,
Metal catalyst and ligand design
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

With the rapid development and complex challenges of chemical substances, new drug synthesis pathways are usually the most effective.13040-77-2,6-Chloro-2,2′-bipyridine,as a common compound, the synthetic route is as follows.

Example 1 Synthesis of Bipyridine-Pyrazole Ligand tBuOK (2g) was added to a suspension of pyrazole (1 g) in dmso (80 mL) and stirred until a clear solution has formed. 6-chloro-2,2′-bipyridine (1g, from HetCat) was added slowly by portion and the mixture heated at 140 C for 14 hours. After cooling down to room temperature, water was added and the precipitate filtered and wash with water. The compound was further purified by silica gel chromatography column using Ethyl acetate/diethyl ether as eluent, leading to an off-white crystalline solid (450 mg, yield 39 %). Spectroscopic analysis are as reported in the literature ()., 13040-77-2

As the paragraph descriping shows that 13040-77-2 is playing an increasingly important role.

Reference£º
Patent; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL); EP2492277; (2012); A1;,
Metal catalyst and ligand design
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

With the rapid development and complex challenges of chemical substances, new drug synthesis pathways are usually the most effective.54258-41-2,1,10-Phenanthrolin-5-amine,as a common compound, the synthetic route is as follows.

General procedure: 4.2.1.4. Method D. A stirred solution of the 5-amino-1,10-phenanthroline (195 mg, 1 mmol), the monosaccharide (3 mmol) and ca. 4 mg of (NH4)2SO4 in 16 mL of MeOH was heated at 65 C for 24 or 48 h. During this time a pale yellow precipitate was accumulated. The reaction mixture was cooled and the solid obtained was separated by filtration and washed with MeOH (2 x 10 mL) and H2O (2 x 10 mL) to eliminate excess of sugar and possible traces of the starting amine and/or other by-products as well to remove the (NH4)2SO4 salt, followed by Et2O. This protocol provided pure N-(1,10-phenanthrolin-5-yl)-beta-glycopyranosyl amines 2a, 2c and 2d. For derivatives 2b and 2e the starting sugar could not be completely removed and a subsequent purification was required. The product was preadsorbed on silica gel and purified by flash chromatography. After drying in vacuum the purity of the products was checked by TLC, 1H NMR and analytical data. Derivatives 2a-e were obtained as monohydrates and exhibited poor solubility in water and organic solvents., 54258-41-2

54258-41-2 1,10-Phenanthrolin-5-amine 606970, acatalyst-ligand compound, is more and more widely used in various fields.

Reference£º
Article; Duskova, Katerina; Gude, Lourdes; Arias-Perez, Maria-Selma; Tetrahedron; vol. 70; 5; (2014); p. 1071 – 1076;,
Metal catalyst and ligand design
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

1662-01-7, 4,7-Diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline is a catalyst-ligand compound, ?involved in a variety of chemical synthesis. Rlated chemical reaction is continuously updated

The chloro-bridged dimeric iridium complex[Ir(ppz)2Cl]2 (123 mg, 0.12 mmol) and 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (88 mg, 0.26 mmol) were dissolved in CH2Cl2 (15 ml) and MeOH (15 ml). The mixture was refluxed under nitrogen for 12 h and the yellow solution obtained was cooled to room temperature and solid ammonium tetrafluoroborate (52 mg, 0.5 mmol) was added to it. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h and the solvent was evaporated under vacuum. The product obtained was dissolved in dichloromethane, filtered to remove the unwanted inorganic impurities, and then precipitated with hexane. The crude material obtained was purified by column chromatography (Merck Alox 90; CH2Cl2 changing toCH2Cl2/MeOH, 100:2) yielding the desired product as yellow solid (156 mg, 0.17 mmol,73%). The chemical structure of the cationic iridium complex is shown in Fig. 1. 1H NMR(500 MHz, CD2Cl2) delta (ppm): 8.50 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 2H), 8.13 (d, J = 3.1 Hz, 2H), 7.66 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 2H), 7.61-7.54 (m, 4H), 7.33 (d, J = 7.1 Hz, 2H), 7.26 (d, J = 2.93 Hz, 2H),7.11-7.07 (m, 4H), 6.98-6.92 (m, 4H), 6.54 (t, 5.1 Hz, 1H), 6.48-6.46 (m, 1H). 13C NMR(126 MHz, CD2Cl2) delta (ppm): 151.6, 150.8, 148.3, 143.5, 139.0, 135.8, 130.3, 129.9, 129.7,129.4, 127.2, 126.9, 126.5, 123.6, 121.7, 111.7, 108.7. Anal. Found (%): C 56.25, H 3.45,N 9.34. Anal. Calcd for C42H30N6BF4Ir: C 56.19, H 3.37, N 9.36., 1662-01-7

1662-01-7 4,7-Diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline 72812, acatalyst-ligand compound, is more and more widely used in various fields.

Reference£º
Article; Sunesh, Chozhidakath Damodharan; Chandran, Midhun; Ok, Sunseong; Choe, Youngson; Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals; vol. 584; 1; (2013); p. 131 – 138;,
Metal catalyst and ligand design
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

With the rapid development and complex challenges of chemical substances, new drug synthesis pathways are usually the most effective.10534-59-5,Tetrabutylammonium acetate,as a common compound, the synthetic route is as follows.

To a solution of (25,5 ?)-6- (benzyloxy)-7-oxo-N-[2-(2H-l,2,3-triazol-2-yl)ethoxy]-l,6-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2- carboxamide (4 g, 10.3 mmol, upper spot as per thin layer chromatography in Step 3) in dimethylformamide (20 ml) and dichloromethane (20 ml) was added palladium over carbon (10%, 1.0 g) under nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction mixture was flushed with hydrogen gas and stirred for 3 hour under hydrogen pressure (55 psi). The progress of reaction was monitored by thin layer chromatography using mixture of chloroform and methanol (9: 1) as solvent system. After complete conversion, the reaction mixture was filtered through celite bed and washed with a mixture of dichloromethane and dimethylformamide (20 ml, 1: 1). The collected filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness. The intermediate thus obtained was dissolved into dimethylformamide (20 ml) and dimethylformamide sulfur trioxide complex (2.4 g, 15.6 mmol) was added under stirring at 0 C. The reaction mixture was allowed to attain ambient temperature and stirred further for 1 hour. The completion of reaction was monitored by performing thin layer chromatography using mixture of chloroform and methanol as solvent system. After complete conversion, the reaction mixture was cooled to 0C and then a solution of tetra butyl ammonium acetate (5 g, 16.5 mmol) in water (17 ml) was slowly added under stirring. After 1 hour, the reaction mixture was concentrated to dryness in vacuum and co-evaporated with xylene (2×30 ml) to dimethylformamide free mass. To this concentrated mass, water (40 ml) was added and then extraction with dichloromethane was carried (2×40 ml). The collective organic layer was dried on anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated to dryness to provide 8.5 g of crude compound. It was purified using column chromatography (silcagel 60- 120) by using mixture of dichloromethane and methanol as an eluent. The pure compound was isolated at 5% concentration of methanol in dichloromethane; the collective fractions were collected and evaporated to obtain 3.5 g of tetrabutyl ammonium salt of (25,5 ?)-7-oxo-6-(sulfooxy)-N-[2-(2H- l,2,3-triazol-2-yl)ethoxy]- l,6-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane- 2-carboxamide in 55% yield. Analysis: Mass: 375.2 (M- l, for free acid) for Molecular weight: 617 and Molecular formula: C27H5iN707S., 10534-59-5

The synthetic route of 10534-59-5 has been constantly updated, and we look forward to future research findings.

Reference£º
Patent; WOCKHARDT LIMITED; TADIPARTHI, Ravikumar; PATIL, Vijaykumar Jagdishwar; DEKHANE, Deepak; SHAIKH, Mohammad Usman; BIRAJDAR, Satish; DOND, Bharat; PATEL, Mahesh Vithalbhai; (100 pag.)WO2017/81615; (2017); A1;,
Metal catalyst and ligand design
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

448-61-3, 2,4,6-Triphenylpyrylium tetrafluoroborate is a catalyst-ligand compound, ?involved in a variety of chemical synthesis. Rlated chemical reaction is continuously updated

General procedure: To a suspension of the corresponding amine (2.0 mmol) and 2,4,6-triphenylpyrylium tetrafluoroborate (2.0 mmol) in EtOH (20 mL) in a round bottle flask was added Et3N (2.0 mmol). The mixture turned deep-brown while the educts dissolved and was stirred for 30 min at rt followed by the addition of AcOH (4.0 mmol) and heating under reflux conditions for additional 2 h. The product precipitated during the reaction. The product was dissolved directly in the flask with little acetone at the reflux temperature after the reaction was finished (no further precipitate occurred). After cooling down to rt the product crystallized as a yellow solid, which was filtered off, washed with cold EtOH and pentane and dried in vacuo., 448-61-3

The synthetic route of 448-61-3 has been constantly updated, and we look forward to future research findings.

Reference£º
Article; Menzel, Roberto; Kupfer, Stephan; Mede, Ralf; Goerls, Helmar; Gonzalez, Leticia; Beckert, Rainer; Tetrahedron; vol. 69; 5; (2013); p. 1489 – 1498;,
Metal catalyst and ligand design
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI