Ayguen, Mehtap; Guillen-Soler, Melanie; Vila-Fungueirino, Jose M.; Kurtoglu, Abdullah; Chamberlain, Thomas W.; Khlobystov, Andrei N.; Gimenez-Lopez, Maria del Carmen published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Palladium Nanoparticles Hardwired in Carbon Nanoreactors Enable Continually Increasing Electrocatalytic Activity During the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction》, and you may find the article in ChemSusChem.Electric Literature of C51H42O3Pd2 The information in the text is summarized as follows:
Catalysts typically lose effectiveness during operation, with much effort invested in stabilizing active metal centers to prolong their functional lifetime for as long as possible. In this study palladium nanoparticles (PdNP) supported inside hollow graphitised carbon nanofibers (GNF), designated as PdNP@GNF, opposed this trend. PdNP@GNF exhibited continuously increasing activity over 30000 reaction cycles when used as an electrocatalyst in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The activity of PdNP@GNF, expressed as the exchange c.d., was always higher than activated carbon (Pd/C), and after 10000 cycles PdNP@GNF surpassed the activity of platinum on carbon (Pt/C). The extraordinary durability and self-improving behavior of PdNP@GNF was solely related the unique nature of the location of the palladium nanoparticles, i.e., at the graphitic step-edges within the GNF. Transmission electron microscopy imaging combined with spectroscopic anal. revealed an orchestrated series of reactions occurring at the graphitic step-edges during electrocatalytic cycling, in which some of the curved graphitic surfaces opened up to form a stack of graphene layers bonding directly with Pd atoms through Pd-C bonds. This resulted in the active metal centers becoming effectively hardwired into the elec. conducting nanoreactors (GNF), enabling facile charge transport to/from the catalytic centers resulting in the dramatic self-improving characteristics of the electrocatalyst. The experimental process involved the reaction of Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0)(cas: 51364-51-3Electric Literature of C51H42O3Pd2)
Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0)(cas: 51364-51-3) is used in the preparation of semiconducting polymers processed from nonchlorinated solvents into high performance thin film transistors.Electric Literature of C51H42O3Pd2It is used as catalyst for the synthesis of epoxides, alpha-arylation of ketones, in combination with BINAP for the asymmetric heck arylation of olefins, site-selective benzylic sp3 palladium-catalyzed direct arylation and homoallylic diamination of terminal olefins.
Referemce:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI