Category: 494-52-0

HPLC of Formula: 494-52-0. So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic. Compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine, is researched, Molecular C10H14N2, CAS is 494-52-0, about Synthesis and structured N-acyl and thiourea derivatives citizine and anabazine.

This work presents the results of studies on the chem. transformation of the alkaloids mols. anabasine and cytisine to obtain their N-cinnamoyl derivatives (N-cinnamoylanabasine, N-cinnamoylcytisine), as well as possible ways for their further modification. The optimal conditions for the preparation of N-cinnamoylcytisine and N-cinnamoylanabasine in the acylation reactions of alkaloids with cinnamoyl chloride are considered. Hydrazinolysis of the resulting N-cinnamoylcytisine and N-cinnamoylanabasine was carried out. It was shown that the interaction of acrylamide derivatives of alkaloids (N-cinnamoylanabasine, N-cinnamoylcytisine) with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol leads to the formation of the corresponding pyrazole derivatives (N-(5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)anabasine, N-(5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)cytisine) resulting from the intramol. cyclocondensation of hydrazones of N-cinnamoyl derivatives By the interaction of cinnamoylisothiocyanate with the above alkaloids (anabasine, cytisine), new thiourea derivatives (N- cinnamoylaminothiocarbonylanabasine, N- cinnamoylaminothiocarbonylcytisine) are synthesized.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine( cas:494-52-0 ) is researched.Electric Literature of C10H14N2.Godage, Nipunika H.; Cudjoe, Erasmus; Neupane, Rabin; Boddu, Sai HS.; Bolla, Pradeep Kumar; Renukuntla, Jwala; Gionfriddo, Emanuela published the article 《Biocompatible SPME fibers for direct monitoring of nicotine and its metabolites at ultra trace concentration in rabbit plasma following the application of smoking cessation formulations》 about this compound( cas:494-52-0 ) in Journal of Chromatography A. Keywords: biocompatible solid phase microextraction nicotine metabolite blood smoking cessation; Biocompatible SPME; Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; Nicotine; Rabbit plasma; Smoking cessation. Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:494-52-0).

The ultra-trace determination of nicotine and its 4 major metabolites (cotinine, nornicotine, norcotinine and anabasine) from rabbit plasma was achieved by a newly developed solid phase microextraction-liquid chromatog.-tandem mass spectrometry method. Extraction of the target analytes was performed with hydrophilic/lipophilic balance-polyacrylonitrile SPME fibers. Dual fiber extraction was necessary to guarantee improved recovery at parts-per-trillion levels. Liquid chromatog. anal. was achieved in a 6-min run using a C18 (1.9μm C18, 50 mm x 2.1 mm) column with a mobile phase flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Tandem mass spectrometry was used for detection and quantification in pos. electrospray ionization (ESI+) mode for all the targeted analytes. Two stable isotope-labeled internal standards were used for signal correction and accurate quantification. The mass spectrometer with laminar flow ion flux transport, guaranteed improved signal stability, minimal contamination of the ion guide and reproducibility into the first quadrupole analyzer. The method was validated in line with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines for bioanal. method validation. The results met the acceptance criteria as proposed by the FDA: accuracy was tested at 0.35, 10 and 75μg L – 1 and ranged between 98.3-112.2% for nicotine, 94.1-101.9% for cotinine, 94.7-107.0% for nornicotine, 81.1-107.2% for norcotinine and 94.3-115.2% for anabasine, with precision up to 14.2%. Stability tests indicated that all the targeted analytes were stable in the desorption solution for at least 1 wk. LOQs ranged from 0.05 to 1μg L-1. The method was successfully applied to analyze plasma samples obtained from rabbits following transdermal application of a smoking cessation formulation loaded with solid lipid nanoparticles containing a nicotine-stearic acid conjugate.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

The chemical properties of alicyclic heterocycles are similar to those of the corresponding chain compounds. Compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine, is researched, Molecular C10H14N2, CAS is 494-52-0, about Investigation of the possible pharmacologically active forms of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist anabaseine, the main research direction is nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist anabaseine pharmacol active form; acetylcholine; alkaloid; anabaseine; bipyridyl; cholinergic; nicotine; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor; ring-chain tautomerism; toxin.Electric Literature of C10H14N2.

Three major forms of the nicotinic agonist toxin anabaseine (cyclic iminium, cyclic imine and the monocationic open-chain ammonium-ketone) co-exist in almost equal concentrations at physiol. pH. We asked the question: Which of these forms is pharmacol. active. First, we investigated the pH dependence of anabaseine inhibition of [3H]-methylcarbamylcholine binding at rat brain α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). These experiments indicated that one or both monocationic forms interact with the orthosteric binding site for ACh. However, since they occur at equal concentrations near physiol. pH, we employed another approach, preparing a stable analog of each form and examining its agonist activities and binding affinities at several vertebrate brain and neuromuscular nAChRs. Only 2-(3-pyridyl)-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine monohydrogen chloride (PTHP), the cyclic iminium analog, displayed nAChR potencies and binding affinities similar to anabaseine. The cyclic imine analog 2,3′-bipyridyl and the open-chain ammonium-ketone analog 5-methylamino-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-pentanone (MAPP), displayed ≤1% of the activity predicted if the one form was solely active. The lower potency of weakly basic 2,3′-bipyridyl can be explained by the presence of a small concentration of its monocationic form. Since the open chain ammonium-ketone monocationic form of anabaseine has some structural similarity to the neurotransmitter GABA, we also tested the ability of anabaseine and its 1,2-dehydropyrrolidinyl analog myosmine to activate a mammalian GABAA receptor, but no activity was detected. We conclude that the monocationic cyclic iminium is the form which avidly binds and activates vertebrate nAChRs.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

COA of Formula: C10H14N2. The reaction of aromatic heterocyclic molecules with protons is called protonation. Aromatic heterocycles are more basic than benzene due to the participation of heteroatoms. Compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine, is researched, Molecular C10H14N2, CAS is 494-52-0, about Comparison of cigarette, little cigar, and waterpipe tobacco smoke condensate and e-cigarette aerosol condensate in a self-administration model. Author is Marusich, Julie A.; Wiley, Jenny L.; Silinski, Melanie A. R.; Thomas, Brian F.; Meredith, Steven E.; Gahl, Robert F.; Jackson, Kia J..

This study evaluated the reinforcing effects of aqueous solutions of smoke/aerosol condensate from cigarettes, little cigars, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), and waterpipe tobacco in a self-administration procedure to determine if abuse liability of these tobacco products differed. Following nicotine dose-effect assessment (1, 7.5, 15, and 30μg/kg/infusion), rats were given access to smoke/aerosol condensate derived from their assigned tobacco product. Rats responded for smoke/aerosol condensate containing 1, 7.5, 15, and 30μg/kg/infusion nicotine, with the ratio of nicotine:non-nicotine constituents held constant across doses for each tobacco product. Responding for nicotine or smoke/aerosol condensate was also assessed on a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement. Cigarette, little cigar, and e-cigarette smoke/aerosol condensates shifted the nicotine dose-effect curve leftward, whereas waterpipe tobacco smoke condensate shifted the dose-effect curve rightward. Smoke/aerosol condensate from all tobacco products produced similar levels of responding compared to nicotine alone during the progressive ratio phase. Results suggest that non-nicotine constituents in cigarettes, little cigars, and e-cigarettes differentially enhance nicotine’s reinforcing potency. In contrast, waterpipe tobacco blunted nicotine’s reinforcing potency, suggesting that it may contain unique constituents that dampen nicotine’s reinforcing effects.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Reference of (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine, is researched, Molecular C10H14N2, CAS is 494-52-0, about Long-term trends in tobacco use assessed by wastewater-based epidemiology and its relationship with consumption of nicotine containing products. Author is Zheng, Qiuda; Gartner, Coral; Tscharke, Benjamin J.; O’Brien, Jake W.; Gao, Jianfa; Ahmed, Fahad; Thomas, Kevin V.; Mueller, Jochen F.; Thai, Phong K..

Measurement of population tobacco use via wastewater-based epidemiol. (WBE) provides objective data to evaluate the efficacy of tobacco control strategies. However, current WBE tobacco-use estimates based on nicotine metabolites (cotinine and hydroxycotinine) can be masked by use of non-tobacco nicotine-containing products. To better understand nicotine and tobacco use, we analyzed tobacco-specific biomarkers, anabasine and anatabine, as well as nicotine metabolites, cotinine and hydroxycotinine, in wastewater samples collected for 6 wk per yr over 6 years (2012-2017) from an Australian wastewater treatment plant serving approx. 100,000 people. Significant annual declines were observed for anabasine, anatabine, cotinine and hydroxycotinine of -3.0%, -2.7%, -2.4%, and -2.1%, resp. The results corresponded with the annual declining trends reported from surveys (-5%) and taxation statistics (-4%). Significant annual decreases in the ratios of anabasine to cotinine (-1.2%) and anatabine to cotinine (-1.0%) suggested a relative increase in the use of non-tobacco nicotine products at the same time that tobacco use was declining. Monitoring tobacco use with anabasine and anatabine removed influence from nicotine-containing products, showing larger reductions in this Australian city than via nicotine biomarkers, while also demonstrating their suitability for monitoring long-term trends.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Epoxy compounds usually have stronger nucleophilic ability, because the alkyl group on the oxygen atom makes the bond angle smaller, which makes the lone pair of electrons react more dissimilarly with the electron-deficient system. Compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine, is researched, Molecular C10H14N2, CAS is 494-52-0, about Automated Solid Phase Extraction and Polarity-Switching Tandem Mass Spectrometry Technique for High Throughput Analysis of Urine Biomarkers for 14 Tobacco-related Compounds.Safety of (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine.

Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of premature disease and death in the United States. Approx., 34 million U.S. adults currently smoke cigarettes. We developed a method for automated sample preparation and liquid chromatog.-tandem mass spectrometry quantitation of 14 tobacco-related analytes: nicotine (NICF), cotinine (COTF), trans-3′-hydroxycotinine (HCTF), menthol glucuronide (MEG), anabasine (ANBF), anatabine (ANTF), isonicoteine (ISNT), myosmine (MYOS), beta-nicotyrine (BNTR), bupropion (BUPR), cytisine (CYTI), varenicline (VARE), arecaidine (ARD), and arecoline (ARL). The method includes automated solid-phase extraction using customized pos.-pressure functions. The preparation scheme has the capacity to process a batch of 96 samples within 4 h with greater than 88% recovery for all analytes. The 14 analytes, separated within 4.15 min using reversed-phase liquid chromatog., were determined using a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer with atm.-pressure chem. ionization and multiple reaction monitoring in neg. and pos. ionization modes. Wide quantitation ranges, within 1.2-72,000 ng/mL, were established especially for COTF, HCTF, MEG, and NICF to quantify the broad range of biomarker concentrations found in the U.S. population. The method accuracy is above 90% while the overall imprecision is below 7%. Finally, we tested urine samples from 90 smokers and observed detection rates of over 98% for six analytes with urinary HCTF and MEG concentrations ranging from 200-14,100 and 60-57,100 ng/mL, resp. This high throughput anal. process can prepare and analyze a sample in 9 min and along with the 14-compound analyte panel can be useful for tobacco-exposure studies, in smoking-cessation programs, and for detecting changes in exposure related to tobacco products and their use.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Computed Properties of C10H14N2. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine, is researched, Molecular C10H14N2, CAS is 494-52-0, about Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for simultaneous detection of nine alkaloids in tobacco and tobacco products by QuEChERS sample preparation. Author is Li, Xintong; Liu, Fang; Wang, Huifang; He, Fan; Yang, Rui; Zhao, Mingqin.

One method based on QuEChERS sample preparation is presented in this study, which leads to simultaneously detect nine alkaloids in tobacco and tobacco products. Nicotine, nomicotine, myosmine, N-Me anabasine, β-nicotyrine, anabasine, anatabine, isonicotenine and cotinine can all be found in fresh tobacco leaves, cigars, Virginia-type and blended-type cigarettes. The samples were purified via a certain proportion of adsorbents consisting of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, PSA and carbon after extracting, then centrifuged and filtered before analyzing by GC-MS. The matrix effects were all among 88 – 105%. The limit of detection of all were within the range of 0.0065 – 0.1509 μg/g and limit of quantification were among 0.0217 – 0.5031 μg/g. The recovery rates were higher than 89%. This is the first time that the QuEChERS sample preparation method has been applied for tobacco alkaloids, where more varieties of alkaloids could be quantified regarding sensitivity and reproducibility.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

SDS of cas: 494-52-0. So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic. Compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine, is researched, Molecular C10H14N2, CAS is 494-52-0, about Preinfection effects of nectar secondary compounds on a bumble bee gut pathogen.

Bumble bee pollinators can be exposed to pathogens when foraging on flowers previously visited by infected individuals. Infectious cells may be deposited in floral nectar, providing a site for pathogens to interact with nectar secondary compounds prior to infecting bees. Some nectar secondary compounds can reduce pathogen counts in infected bumble bees, but we know less about how exposure to these compounds directly affects pathogens prior to being ingested by their host. We exposed the trypanosomatid gut pathogen, Crithidia bombi (Lipa & Triggiani 1988) (Trypanosomatida: Trypanosomatidae), to six different compounds found in nectar (aucubin, catalpol, nicotine, thymol, anabasine, and citric acid) for 1-h prior to ingestion by Bombus impatiens (Cresson 1863) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) workers that were then reared for 1 wk on a control diet. All of these compounds except citric acid reduce pathogen levels when consumed in hosts after infection, and citric acid is a common preservative found in citrus fruits and some honeys. We found that both citric acid and aucubin reduced Crithidia cell counts compared with controls. However, catalpol, nicotine, thymol, and anabasine did not have significant effects on Crithidia levels. These results suggest that Crithidia exposure in some floral nectars may reduce cell viability, resulting in a lower risk to visiting pollinators, but this effect may not be widespread across all flowering species.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Most of the compounds have physiologically active properties, and their biological properties are often attributed to the heteroatoms contained in their molecules, and most of these heteroatoms also appear in cyclic structures. A Journal, Article, Phytochemistry (Elsevier) called Alkaloid chemophenetics and transcriptomics of the Nicotiana genus, Author is Kaminski, Kacper Piotr; Bovet, Lucien; Laparra, Helene; Lang, Gerhard; De Palo, Damien; Sierro, Nicolas; Goepfert, Simon; Ivanov, Nikolai V., which mentions a compound: 494-52-0, SMILESS is C1(C=NC=CC=1)[C@@H]1CCCCN1, Molecular C10H14N2, Product Details of 494-52-0.

In this study, we determined the pyridine alkaloid content (nicotine, nornicotine, anabasine, anatabine, cotinine, and myosmine) of 58 species and 2 subspecies of the Nicotiana genus by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatog. coupled with mass spectrometry. We observed clear correlation between Noctiflorae and Suaveolentes sections and their above average accumulation of anabasine in genus. In addition, the results demonstrated the presence of not only trace amounts but quantifiable levels of myosmine, an alkaloid previously detected in only minute quantities, in leaves and roots of 16 species. Anal. of gene expression of 58 species and 2 subspecies from Nicotiana genus by mRNA sequencing was performed for first time. Sequencing reads were mapped against annotated genes of N.tabacum reference genome and expression values were subsequently calculated Hierarchical clustering of alkaloid biosynthesis pathway genes and alkaloid content composition revealed patterns clearly segregating Nicotiana sections. Correlation of gene expression with alkaloid accumulation phenotypes was evident, including low putrescine methyltransferase expression for all species in the Suaveolentes section or clear correlation of nicotine demethylase with conversion rates of nicotine to nornicotine in majority of species. Multiple addnl. correlations between alkaloid accumulation and gene expression values were identified, which makes this study an important fundament toward future scientific exploration of the Nicotiana genus.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI