In 2019,RSC Advances included an article by Heintges, Gael H. L.; Janssen, Rene A. J.. Application In Synthesis of Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0). The article was titled 《On the homocoupling of trialkylstannyl monomers in the synthesis of diketopyrrolopyrrole polymers and its effect on the performance of polymer-fullerene photovoltaic cells》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:
Homocoupling of monomers in a palladium-catalyzed copolymerization of donor-acceptor polymers affects the perfect alternating structure and may deteriorate the performance of such materials in solar cells. Here we investigate the effect of homocoupling bis(trialkylstannyl)-thiophene and -bithiophene monomers in two low band gap poly(diketopyrrolopyrrole-alt-oligothiophene) polymers by deliberately introducing extended oligothiophene defects in a controlled fashion. We find that extension of the oligothiophene by one or two thiophenes and creating defects up to at least 10% does not significantly affect the opto-electronic properties of the polymers or their photovoltaic performance as electron donor in solar cells in combination with [6,6]-Ph C 71 butytic acid Me ester as acceptor. By using model reactions, we further demonstrate that for the optimized synthetic protocol and palladium-catalyst system the naturally occurring defect concentraion in the polymers is expected to be less than 0.5%. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0)(cas: 51364-51-3Application In Synthesis of Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0))
Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0)(cas: 51364-51-3) is the most widely used PdO precursor complex in synthesis and catalysis, in particular as a catalyst for various coupling reactions. Application In Synthesis of Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) It is used as a catalyst precursor for palladium-catalyzed carbon-nitrogen bond formation, conversion of aryl chlorides, triflates and nonaflates to nitroaromatics.
Referemce:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI