In homogeneous catalysis, the catalyst is in the same phase as the reactant. The number of collisions between reactants and catalyst is at a maximum.In a patent, 122-18-9, name is N-Benzyl-N,N-dimethylhexadecan-1-aminium chloride, introducing its new discovery. Safety of N-Benzyl-N,N-dimethylhexadecan-1-aminium chloride
Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized with Fully Conjugated Fullerene C60 Derivatives as a Material with Exceptional Capability of Absorbing Electrons
We report a highly electron-absorbing material (“electron-sponge”) obtained by coupling gold nanoparticles (AuNPs, 8 nm in diameter) with fullerene C60 spheres by fully conjugated linker molecules. This goal has been achieved through synthesis of a new class of conducting thionoester-substituted and thioketone-substituted azahomo-[60]fullerenes. The obtained C60 derivatives have been found to possess the capability of binding covalently to the surface of gold. Thus, for the first time, we show that thioketone and thionoester moieties can be successfully employed as new anchoring groups for conjugated fullerene derivatives. High-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies have revealed that the ligands are attached to the gold surface of AuNPs through strong Au-S bonding. One of the synthesized C60 derivatives, O-butyl 4-(azahomo(C60-Ih)fullerene)benzothioate (C60-BCT-OBu), has been investigated in detail. The C60-BCT-OBu-coated AuNPs form a highly insoluble precipitate, which can be easily dissolved in toluene into individual AuNPs using cationic surfactants. The precipitate has been found to exhibit an extraordinary capability of absorbing electrons. A single AuNP can absorb on average about 4500 electrons in an experimental condition in which tetrahydrofuran suspension of the precipitate of the C60-BCT-OBu-coated AuNPs is charged in a lithium naphthalide-mediated process. The electrical properties of the AuNPs are successfully explained by a model in which the C60-BCT-OBu-coated AuNP is represented by an equipotential heterostructure composed of C60 spheres connected with the gold AuNP core by conducting linkers.
The proportionality constant is the rate constant for the particular unimolecular reaction. the reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. I hope my blog about 122-18-9 is helpful to your research. Safety of N-Benzyl-N,N-dimethylhexadecan-1-aminium chloride
Reference£º
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI