Catalysts function by providing an alternate reaction mechanism that has a lower activation energy than would be found in the absence of the catalyst. In some cases, the catalyzed mechanism may include additional steps.In a article, 29841-69-8, molcular formula is C14H16N2, introducing its new discovery. category: catalyst-ligand
(Chemical Equation Presented) A new class of enantioselective conjugate addition (ECA) reactions that involve aryl- or alkenylsilyl fluoride reagents and are catalyzed by chiral non-C2-symmetric Cu-based N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes are disclosed. Transformations have been designed based on the principle that a catalytically active chiral NHC-Cu-aryl or NHC-Cu-alkenyl complex can be accessed from reaction of a Cu-halide precursor with in situ-generated aryl- or alkenyltetrafluorosilicate. Reactions proceed in the presence of 1.5 equiv of the aryl- or alkenylsilane reagents and 1.5 equiv of tris(dimethylamino)sulfonium difluorotrimethylsilicate (TASF). Desired products are isolated in 63-97% yield and 73.5:26.5-98.5: 1.5 enantiomeric ratio (47%-97% ee). A major focus of the present studies is the design, evaluation, and development of new chiral imidazolinium salts and their derived NHC-Cu complexes as catalysts that promote reactions of various carbosilanes to a range of electrophilic substrates. Toward this end, nearly 20 new chiral monodentate imidazolinium salts, most of which are non-C2-symmetric, have been prepared and fully characterized and their ability to serve as catalysts in the ECA reactions has been investigated.
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Reference：
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI